Spatial Data Models and Coordinate Systems

This unit develops practical understanding of GIS data models, map coordinate systems, and core data-processing workflows in ArcGIS. Students will work with raster and vector data, attribute and spatial queries, spatial joins, and environment settings while learning how precision, projections, and data storage choices affect map output and analysis quality.

Learning Objectives

• Analyze and compare vector and raster data models, including raster data types (integer vs. floating-point), storage implications, and appropriate use cases for natural resources applications
• Apply coordinate system and projection knowledge to correctly identify, set, and transform geographic and projected coordinate systems for layers and maps in ArcGIS
• Demonstrate attribute and spatial data derivation techniques by performing selections, table joins, spatial joins (intersect, identity), and converting features to rasters to produce derived feature classes
• Evaluate the effects of precision, accuracy, geodesy, and ArcGIS environment settings (extent, cell size, processing tolerance) on analytical results and map display quality